A Master Air Waybill and House Air Waybill represent different levels of an air freight shipment. The airline normally uses the MAWB for the carrier-level movement, while a freight forwarder or consolidator may issue a HAWB for an individual customer shipment. This guide explains how MAWB and HAWB work together, who appears as shipper and consignee, which number to use for tracking, how consolidation works and which shipment details should match before departure.

Export packaging should match the product, shipping method, handling environment and final destination. This guide compares export cartons, pallets, wooden crates and skids for international shipping from China, explains when palletizing makes sense, how packaging affects CBM and chargeable weight, and when solid wood packaging may require ISPM 15. It also shows what importers should confirm with Chinese suppliers before booking air, sea, rail or door-to-door freight.

ETA, ETD, ATD and ATA are four common shipping milestones used to describe planned and actual departure and arrival times. ETD and ETA show the expected schedule, while ATD and ATA confirm what actually happened. This guide explains how the four terms work together, why estimated dates can change and why ETA does not always mean the cargo is ready for pickup.